Iran - Part 1

January 1. 1936

The morning air in Tehran is cold and crisp, the kind that stings the skin but invigorates the senses. The sky is pale and cloudless, the sun still low on the horizon, casting long shadows over the city. A bitter winter breeze rolls in from the Alborz Mountains, carrying the scent of damp earth and woodsmoke, a reminder that winter still holds its grip on the land. Despite the chill, the city is awake, alive, restless.

The bazaars are already buzzing, their narrow alleys packed with traders wrapped in thick cloaks, steam rising from copper kettles as tea vendors pour glass after glass for hurried customers. The scent of freshly baked lavash, roasting meat, and crushed cardamom hangs in the air, mixing with the ever-present tang of coal smoke and horse dung. I hear the distant clang of a blacksmith’s hammer, the metallic groan of tram cars, and the shouts of merchants arguing over the price of spices and fabrics.

I had not expected to begin the new year in Tehran, let alone in the service of a monarch. My journey here was meant to be purely business—a fleeting venture, another stop in my career. Yet, Reza Shah Pahlavi, in his characteristic decisiveness, has turned my life in an entirely new direction.

I still struggle to believe it. A foreigner—me, in his service? The very idea is as remarkable as it is daunting. But the Shah—tall, broad-shouldered, with piercing eyes that seem to weigh a man’s worth in an instant—had seen something in me. In a single meeting, he had sized me up, and, to my astonishment, he had offered me a position on the spot.

Reza Shah is not a man of hesitation. He is an emperor in the old mold, but with the vision of a modern statesman. He speaks little, yet commands absolute attention. A soldier first, a ruler second. The kind of leader who sees the world as a battlefield to be conquered, not merely governed.

Iran stands on the precipice of greatness or stagnation. Reza Shah dreams of an Iranian Renaissance, a nation as strong and modern as the great empires of Europe. Roads, railways, factories—his ambitions are boundless, and now, I am to play a part in realizing them.

I find myself both exhilarated and apprehensive. The enormity of the challenge ahead is staggering. This land, ancient and proud, does not change easily. Yet, for all its resistance, I see something stirring beneath the surface. A new Iran is waiting to be born.

And so, I walk these streets, no longer just a visitor, but a man with a mission. The year 1936 begins, and with it, the most important chapter of my life.

January 3, 1936 – My Office in the Palace

I find myself seated in the office that has been assigned to me, deep within the grand halls of Reza Shah’s palace. The sheer opulence of the place is impossible to ignore—high domed ceilings adorned with intricate Persian patterns, polished marble floors, and vast arched windows that flood the room with soft winter light. Though undeniably beautiful, it is not the excess of a European royal court; it is a monument to power, control, and ambition, much like the Shah himself.

I have now met the staff assigned to me—a handful of officials, military officers, and advisors, all handpicked by the Shah. We sit together for our first real discussion, allowing me to get a sense of the country’s current state. It does not take long to realize the challenges ahead are immense.

A Nation Still Finding Its Feet

Iran’s research capabilities are, at best, limited. My staff confirms what I suspected—there is little in the way of advanced industrial knowledge or high-level scientific expertise. At present, the focus is on basic machine tooling, the foundation upon which any future industrialization must be built.

One project, however, stands out—the development of a Cargo Aircraft. The Shah is an aviation enthusiast, and I quickly understand that, in his mind, modernization is inseparable from air power. He envisions a future where Iran has its own aviation industry, independent from foreign manufacturers. To that end, he has entrusted the Shahbaz Aircraft Company with the development of this new aircraft. It is an ambitious plan, and given the country's current state, I wonder if his vision is racing ahead of reality. But ambition, after all, is what built empires.

Industry and Resources – A Mixed Bag

Beyond aviation, Iran’s modernization efforts are already underway. A civilian industrial complex is under construction in Tehran, a sign that the Shah is serious about economic growth. It will take time, but the foundations for a self-sustaining industrial sector are being laid.

As for natural resources, I have learned that the country’s wealth is modest but varied:

• Steel is produced in East Azerbaijan, enough to sustain limited domestic production.

• Aluminum and tungsten are found in Tehran, though in meager quantities.

• Oil, however, is the country’s true resource of significance.

  • Fars in the south has small fields, but the real prize is in Khuzestan, near the Iraqi border.

Infrastructure – The Country’s Greatest Weakness

But the biggest challenge Iran faces is infrastructure—or rather, the lack of it.

• The country’s roads are poor and ill-suited for rapid military or industrial expansion.

• There are three ports in the south, but they are small and underdeveloped.

• The only airfield of decent size is in Tehran, uncomfortably close to the Soviet border—a strategic vulnerability that must be addressed.

A Nation Poised for Transformation

Sitting in my office, absorbing all of this information, I begin to fully understand the monumental task before me. Iran is a nation that wants to rise, that must rise, but it is starting from the very foundations. The Shah understands this, and so must I.

For now, my role is clear: advise, build, and push forward. There is no time for hesitation.

The future of Iran is waiting to be shaped.

January 4, 1936 – Military Production in Iran

Today, I turned my attention to Iran’s military-industrial capabilities, a crucial element in Reza Shah’s modernization efforts. If Iran is to rise as a regional power, it must have the ability to arm itself without relying entirely on foreign imports. As of now, that effort is in its infancy.

There are currently three military industrial complexes in the country, each operating only a single production line. It is a small start, but it is a start nonetheless.

• The first factory is engaged in licensed production of the vz. 24 rifle, manufactured under agreement with Zbrojovka Brno in Czechoslovakia. The vz. 24 is a reliable bolt-action rifle, similar to the German Mauser, chambered for 7.92×57mm ammunition. It is accurate, rugged, and proven in combat, making it an ideal standard-issue rifle for the Iranian Army.

• The second factory is producing basic artillery, though in small numbers. These are light field guns, barely enough to meet the needs of the army. Without significant expansion, artillery support will remain a weak point in any future conflict.

• The third factory is producing basic support equipment, such as ammunition crates, spare parts, and field gear. While essential, this is not yet a true arms industry, but merely the beginning of one.

Given the limited industrial capacity, we may need to reassess our production priorities soon. Right now, the output is too spread out, with no true mass production in any one field. If war were to come tomorrow, Iran would struggle to equip its own soldiers, let alone sustain a prolonged conflict.

For now, the Shah's vision of a self-sufficient Iran remains distant, but each rifle, each artillery piece, each manufactured bolt brings us one step closer. The question is whether we can afford to wait—or if we must make bolder moves to accelerate military production before it is too late.

January 5, 1936 – Shortages and Stability Issues

The more I review Iran’s industrial capacity, the more I realize how much work lies ahead.

Our limited military production is already exposing shortages in raw materials—most notably, iron. The demand for steel exceeds what we can produce domestically, yet due to our severe lack of civilian factories, we are unable to trade for additional supplies. This bottleneck is frustrating, but for now, we will have to make do with what we have. Expanding industrial capacity must become a priority if we are to sustain any meaningful military buildup.

The Political Situation – A Nation in Fragile Balance

Beyond the economic concerns, the political situation in Iran is equally fragile. After speaking with officials, I estimate that national stability sits at only 49%—a precarious position for a nation undergoing rapid modernization.

The Shah’s rule, while firm and ambitious, is not without its critics. The conservative clergy remains wary of his reforms, and the traditional power structures resent his efforts to centralize control. Meanwhile, the army is divided in loyalty, with some officers fully supporting the Shah’s vision, while others remain skeptical of his rapid push for modernization.

If stability is not addressed soon, it could hamper our ability to push forward with reforms. We need to strengthen national unity, whether through political maneuvering, economic improvements, or—if necessary—more direct means of consolidating control.

For now, Iran stands at a crossroads. The industrial shortcomings can be solved with time and investment, but the political fragility is a more immediate concern. A nation cannot build an empire on unstable ground.

This will require careful attention—and action—sooner rather than later.

January 6, 1936 – Evaluating the Army

Today, I took my first serious look at the Iranian Army, and it became clear that while there is a foundation to build upon, much work remains.

Iran maintains a total of six divisions, organized as follows:

• Three infantry divisions (1st, 2nd, and 3rd Iranian Infantry Divisions) – These are our most capable formations, each outfitted with artillery and engineering companies. They form the backbone of the army, but even they are short on equipment.

• One Gendarmerie Division (1st Iranian Gendarmerie Division) – A military police force, responsible for internal security and maintaining order in rural areas. Useful, but not suited for frontline combat.

• Two cavalry divisions – Large in size, but lacking support elements such as artillery or engineers. Their mobility could be an asset, but as of now, they are lightly armed and underdeveloped.

Equipment Shortages – A Major Concern

Across all formations, the most glaring issue is a shortage of equipment. The infantry divisions are struggling with rifle and artillery shortages, while the cavalry lacks even the most basic logistical support.

A full assessment of our military industry confirms that with current production levels, it will take at least a year to properly equip the existing army. This is an unacceptable timeframe. Iran cannot afford to wait that long before achieving combat readiness.

A New Command Structure – General Hasan Arfa

Recognizing the need for strong leadership and immediate reforms, I have ordered all six divisions to be subordinated under a single commander—General Hasan Arfa.

I have had the opportunity to speak with Arfa personally, and his background and expertise make him an obvious choice for this role. Born into a military family, he received his education at Saint-Cyr Military Academy in France, one of the most prestigious officer training institutions in the world. This makes him one of the few officers in Iran who has received a formal European military education, giving him valuable insights into modern warfare.

He has served in various command and staff positions, earning a reputation for discipline, tactical ingenuity, and an ability to operate effectively in difficult terrain. He has an in-depth knowledge of desert warfare, something that will prove invaluable for Iran’s strategic positioning. Moreover, he understands the importance of modernization, though he is realistic about the logistical constraints we face.

After interviewing the entire General Staff, there were several officers who showed competence, but Arfa stood out as the most capable and pragmatic leader. He understands that while modernization is necessary, discipline and structure must come first.

The Shah’s Role in the Army

Of course, ultimate command still lies with Reza Shah, who serves as Field Marshal. The Shah is no ceremonial leader—he is a capable military officer, having personally led troops in battle before. He demands discipline, order, and efficiency, and he expects results.

Fortunately, he trusts my judgment, and I received his full approval to place Arfa in command. With the Shah’s backing, I met with Arfa personally and issued clear directives—his first priority will be to improve the army’s readiness, focusing on rigorous training regimens and logistical restructuring.

Arfa accepted without hesitation, promising to immediately begin implementing new training programs to bring the army up to standard as quickly as possible.

The Iranian Army may be small and under-equipped for now, but with leadership like Arfa’s, I believe it can become a force to be reckoned with. Today was the first step toward that goal.

January 7, 1936 – A Visit to the Air Force

Today, I traveled to our primary airfield near Tehran to inspect the Imperial Iranian Air Force. Given the Shah’s strong belief in the power of aviation, I was eager to understand what we have and how we might build upon it.

Iran's air force is small but respectable. I was informed that we currently operate:

• 72 fighter aircraft of the Hawker Fury type

• 48 Close Air Support aircraft of the Fairey Gordon type

These aircraft represent a reasonable level of modernization, but they are still heavily reliant on foreign designs and production. If Iran is to achieve true independence in warfare, we must eventually research and develop our own aircraft, much in line with the Shah’s vision for military self-sufficiency.

The Hawker Fury – Iran’s Frontline Fighter

The Hawker Fury is a biplane fighter developed in Britain, known for its agility and speed. It was one of the first British fighter aircraft capable of exceeding 200 mph (320 km/h), making it a formidable aircraft for its time.

It is armed with two .303 Vickers machine guns, mounted in front of the cockpit, and is well-regarded for its maneuverability in dogfights. However, as impressive as it is, the aircraft’s biplane design is becoming increasingly outdated as the world moves toward monoplane fighters. This means that while the Hawker Fury remains effective today, it may soon be obsolete on the battlefield.

The Fairey Gordon – Iran’s Close Air Support Aircraft

The Fairey Gordon is a light bomber and ground-attack aircraft, also of British origin. While originally designed as a day bomber, it has been adapted for close air support (CAS) roles, making it an asset in ground operations.

It is powered by a single Rolls-Royce Kestrel engine, which provides it with a modest level of speed and range. The aircraft is armed with a forward-firing machine gun for the pilot and a rear-mounted Lewis gun for the observer, as well as the ability to carry small bombs for ground attack missions.

While the Fairey Gordon is functional, it is not a cutting-edge design. Much like the Hawker Fury, it remains a biplane, and as aviation technology advances, it too will need to be replaced by a more modern alternative.

The Future of Iranian Aviation

While these aircraft serve us well for now, they are ultimately foreign designs. If we are to truly modernize our air force, we must look beyond simply acquiring British aircraft. The Shah is fully aware of this, which is why he has already directed the Shahbaz Aircraft Company to begin research into our own aviation capabilities.

For the time being, however, our existing air force is respectable—but it must be expanded, modernized, and ultimately brought under Iranian control. The future of air power belongs to those who can produce their own aircraft, and I fully intend to ensure that Iran will be among them.

January 10, 1936 – The State of Our Railways

Today, we assessed Iran’s railway infrastructure, and it became immediately clear how underdeveloped it is. If Iran is to modernize, its rail system must be a priority—both for economic growth and military logistics.

At present, there is only a single major railway line in the country. It runs:

• North from the oil fields and port in Khuzestan, in the south,

• Through a supply hub in Arak,

• Up to Tehran, the heart of the nation,

• And finally eastward to the airfield near the Soviet border.

This basic railway line is useful, but far from sufficient for the needs of a modern state. The Shah’s ambitions for a stronger industry and military cannot be realized without a proper railway network to support them.

A Critical Shortage of Trains

Beyond the limited infrastructure, we also face a severe shortage of trains. Even if our railways were expanded, we lack the rolling stock to effectively operate them. Military supply lines, troop movements, and industrial transportation are all bottlenecked due to this deficiency.

The Path Forward

There is much work to be done. We must:

• Expand the existing railway network, connecting key cities, industrial centers, and supply hubs.

• Invest in locomotive production or acquisitions to increase the number of operational trains.

• Ensure that rail lines reach potential military and industrial expansion sites, particularly in the west and northeast.

Iran’s geography is challenging, with vast mountainous regions and arid landscapes making railway construction difficult. But if we do not modernize the rail system, our economy and military will remain critically hampered.

For now, we must work with what we have, but this will be a major undertaking for the future.

January 15, 1936 – A Trade Deal with France

Today, we concluded a trade agreement with France to address our ongoing steel shortages. While Iran produces some steel domestically, it is far from sufficient to sustain our military-industrial output. Our rifle production has been slower than necessary, and if we are to equip our forces properly, this issue had to be resolved.

The deal comes at a cost—we have had to allocate civilian factory capacity to facilitate the imports. This is a significant sacrifice, as those factories are already stretched thin. However, given the urgency of military expansion, we had little choice. Weapons must come first.

With this new influx of French steel, we should see a noticeable increase in rifle production. The vz. 24 rifles, which have been bottlenecked due to material shortages, should now start rolling off the assembly lines at a faster rate.

This deal buys us time, but it is not a permanent solution. Iran must work toward self-sufficiency, developing its own industrial and resource infrastructure to ensure that future rearmament efforts do not rely on foreign imports.

For now, however, this is a necessary step, and one that should strengthen our forces in the immediate future.

January 29, 1936 – The Birth of SAVAK & an Unintended Consequence

Today, we took the momentous decision to establish Iran’s first formal intelligence service—the SAVAK. The Shah and I both agreed that Iran must prepare for the coming struggle for territory and influence. We can no longer be blind to the movements of our neighbors, nor vulnerable to internal threats. Intelligence, counterintelligence, and internal security must all become part of the state's apparatus.

The Shah’s vision is clear: Iran is to expand, reclaiming its place among the great powers of history. But expansion will not come without resistance. We must be prepared for the political maneuvering, subversion, and espionage that will accompany our territorial ambitions.

The Cost of an Intelligence Service

This decision comes at great cost. Establishing SAVAK will consume all of our civilian construction capacity for the next month—a heavy price to pay when we are already behind in industrial development. No factories, no infrastructure improvements, no civilian expansion—everything is now dedicated to creating a functional intelligence network.

Yet, there was an unexpected price we had not foreseen. The trade deal with France for steel has abruptly fallen apart. With our civilian factories fully committed to building SAVAK’s infrastructure, we are unable to uphold our side of the trade agreement. The French, unwilling to provide materials without compensation, have terminated the deal immediately.

This is hopefully a temporary setback, but it means that our rifle production will suffer once again. Without an alternative steel supplier, we will once more face bottlenecks in arming our forces.

The Role of SAVAK

Despite these challenges, the importance of SAVAK cannot be understated. The agency will serve three critical functions:

1. Foreign Intelligence – Gathering strategic and military intelligence from other nations, particularly our neighbors and potential adversaries.

2. Counterintelligence – Protecting Iran from foreign espionage and subversive elements.

3. Internal Security – Monitoring political opposition, ensuring regime stability, and preemptively neutralizing potential threats to the Shah’s rule.

While this new intelligence service will strengthen Iran’s ability to protect itself, I am fully aware of what it represents. This is not just an agency for information gathering—it is a weapon of the state, one that will serve as both shield and sword in the conflicts to come.

The Shah understands this well, and he has made it clear—SAVAK must be ruthless, efficient, and above all, loyal.

A new era begins today, but at great cost.

February 4, 1936 – Progress in Modernization

The modernization program is finally beginning to show results. The Shah, ever the driving force behind Iran’s transformation, has ordered us to continue on this path with even greater urgency. His vision is clear: rapid industrialization must be pursued at all costs.

The early investments in civilian industry are now bearing fruit, and for the first time, we can see the early foundations of a stronger economy. The Shah understands that without a robust industrial base, Iran will remain at the mercy of foreign suppliers—a situation he refuses to accept. Self-sufficiency is the goal, and to achieve that, factories must be built, roads laid, and production expanded.

A Future of Industrial Power

The next stage of the program will bring us more civilian factory capacity in the very near future, allowing us to:

• Resume trade deals that were disrupted by the formation of SAVAK.

• Expand infrastructure projects to support military and industrial growth.

• Lay the groundwork for military-industrial production, ensuring that Iran can sustain its own war machine.

We are still far from the great industrial powers of the world, but today, for the first time, I feel that we are taking tangible steps toward catching up. Iran is waking up to its true potential, and if we continue on this course, we will soon be a force to be reckoned with.

The Shah’s orders are clear—there is no slowing down. We must push even harder toward a modern, industrial Iran.

February 8, 1936 – War in Ethiopia & Rising Concerns

The world remains largely at peace, with only one ongoing conflict—Mussolini’s war on Ethiopia. While much of the world watches with indifference, we cannot afford to ignore the developments in the Horn of Africa. Today, it was reported that Aussa has been illegally annexed by the Italians, another step in their ruthless march toward total domination of Ethiopia.

This war, though seemingly distant, is uncomfortably close to Iran’s sphere of interest. The Italian Fascists are expanding aggressively, and it is unclear what their true ambitions may be. Their growing presence in East Africa and the Red Sea region poses a potential strategic concern.

Why We Must Watch Italy Closely

1. Geographical Proximity – Italy already controls Eritrea and Somaliland, and now Ethiopia is falling. Their influence is creeping ever closer to the Middle East.

2. Naval Power in the Red Sea – If Mussolini secures full control of the Horn of Africa, his next step could be consolidating control over key trade routes, which could threaten Iranian economic interests.

3. A Preview of Future Wars? – This conflict is a test case for European imperialism in the modern era. If the League of Nations does nothing, it will signal to other expansionist powers that aggression goes unchecked.

The Shah has not commented publicly, but I suspect he shares my concerns. The Italian regime has made no formal claims toward Persian lands, but who can predict the ambitions of Fascists? Mussolini’s rhetoric is filled with dreams of empire, and Persia was once a rival to Rome in ancient times. He may one day seek to finish what his ancestors failed to do.

For now, we observe, plan, and prepare. Italy is a force that cannot be ignored.

February 23, 1936 – France Restructures Its Middle Eastern Holdings

Today, an important development took place in the political landscape of the Middle East. France has chosen to restructure its control over its territories, formally establishing the Republic of Syria and the Lebanese Republic. Though these new states are still French colonies in all but name, it is a significant shift in how Paris manages its holdings in the region.

What This Means for Iran

This move is of great strategic interest to us. While France retains ultimate authority, the creation of these new republics raises questions about their future trajectory:

• A True Step Toward Independence? – Is this merely a cosmetic change, or the first step toward a loosening of French control? If so, we must watch how these nations develop politically.

• Impact on British and Italian Interests – The British have long held dominance over Iraq and the Arabian Peninsula, and the Italians are expanding into Ethiopia. Will they view this French move as a weakening of influence, or simply a bureaucratic reshuffle?

• Iran’s Position in the Region – Any shift in the balance of power in the Levant has potential ramifications for Iran. If these new republics one day seek true independence, they may look for regional partners—an opportunity we cannot ignore.

For now, this remains a development to watch rather than act upon, but it is a reminder that the world around us is shifting. The Middle East is no longer merely a playground for colonial powers—change is coming, and we must be prepared for the opportunities and risks that come with it.

February 28, 1936 – SAVAK Operational & Trade Resumes

Today marks the official establishment of SAVAK as a functioning intelligence agency. Over the past month, resources have been redirected toward its creation, and now, at last, it is fully operational. The new agency is still organizing itself, establishing its structure, recruiting operatives, and setting up its networks, but the foundation has been laid.

With this, our resource allocation has returned to normal, allowing us to resume civilian industrial projects and, perhaps most importantly, reopen the trade agreement with France. The sudden cancellation of the steel deal had slowed rifle production, but with factories now free from the burden of constructing an intelligence apparatus, we can once again secure the raw materials needed for military expansion.

Immediate Priorities

1. Ensuring SAVAK Becomes Effective – It is one thing to create an intelligence agency, another to make it function. The Shah has made it clear that SAVAK must become Iran’s shield against both foreign and domestic threats.

2. Resuming Industrial Expansion – The month-long delay in civilian projects must now be compensated for. Time lost in industrial growth is time lost in military preparation.

3. Military Production Acceleration – With steel imports restored, we must ensure that our infantry divisions receive the necessary arms as quickly as possible.

March 11, 1936 – Civil War in Germany

News from Germany today has captured the world's attention. A faction calling itself the German Military Junta has risen against Hitler’s Nazi regime, plunging the country into civil war. While the details remain unclear, reports suggest that the Junta is composed of elements within the German Army and conservative elites who reject Hitler’s radical ideology and seek to restore order under military rule.

At the head of this movement is Field Marshal August von Mackensen—a man whose name carries weight across Europe.

Who is August von Mackensen?

Von Mackensen, now 86 years old, is one of Germany’s most celebrated military figures. Though officially retired, his stature and influence within the army remain formidable.

• A veteran of the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871) and a prominent commander in World War I, he was known for his decisive victories on the Eastern Front, particularly in Serbia and Russia.

• A staunch monarchist and Prussian traditionalist, he was never fully aligned with Hitler’s Nazi ideology and disapproved of the regime’s radicalism.

• His symbolic leadership of the revolt suggests that conservative elements of the German military are attempting to overthrow Hitler and restore a more traditionalist government—possibly even bringing back the Hohenzollern monarchy.

Implications for Iran and the World

This internal conflict in Germany raises many questions:

• Can Hitler survive a war against his own military? If the Junta gains enough support, Nazi rule may not last as long as the world feared.

• What will France and Britain do? The Western powers have long been wary of Hitler, but will they support a military coup against him, or stay neutral?

• What does this mean for Iran? A divided Germany means a divided Europe—and a distracted Europe often leads to opportunities elsewhere.

The Shah has taken great interest in this development, though for now, we watch from afar. If Germany—a nation once thought to be on the rise—can be torn apart by internal strife, what lessons can we learn for our own stability?

For now, the world watches as Germany tears itself apart. The only certainty is that the outcome of this war will change the course of history.

March 12, 1936 – Turkey Remilitarizes the Straits

Another major development today—Turkey has officially remilitarized the Turkish Straits. This is a bold move by Ankara, and the timing, coming just a day after the outbreak of civil war in Germany, raises serious questions.

A Reaction to the German Civil War?

It is difficult to determine whether this decision is a direct response to the turmoil in Germany, or simply part of Turkey’s long-term ambitions. However, what is certain is that Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and his government have chosen their moment carefully.

• The Western powers are preoccupied—Britain and France are watching Germany closely, and Italy remains entangled in Ethiopia. With so many eyes on Europe, Turkey may see this as the perfect time to reassert its control over the Bosporus and Dardanelles.

• The Soviet Union will not be pleased—Turkey's decision puts them in direct defiance of the Montreux Convention, which was designed to keep the Straits demilitarized and allow free passage of ships between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. Stalin will undoubtedly see this as a challenge to Soviet security.

• For Iran, this is another sign that the world order is shifting—nations are beginning to take bolder actions without fear of immediate retaliation. This may prove to be a valuable lesson for our own ambitions.

What Comes Next?

The remilitarization of the Straits will undoubtedly escalate tensions between Turkey and its neighbors. The great question now is how Britain, France, and the Soviet Union will react—if at all.

For Iran, this move is significant. Turkey is one of our closest geographic neighbors and a regional power in its own right. The fact that they feel confident enough to act unilaterally suggests that the post-war treaties are losing their grip.

If Turkey can undo past restrictions, then perhaps Iran can as well.

March 18, 1936 – Germany Divided in War

The fighting in Germany has intensified, and the conflict is now taking the shape of a true civil war. The frontlines have been drawn, splitting the country north to south, with two competing German regimes battling for control:

• The German Military Junta (Militärregierung) now holds most of western Germany, including major cities and industrial centers.

• The Nazis, on the other hand, have consolidated their power in the east, likely rallying whatever forces they can to hold onto Berlin.

The reports coming in are still unclear on the exact situation at the front, but what is evident is that neither side has won a decisive victory yet. Both factions are now engaging in full-scale war, and it is uncertain whether this will be a quick coup or a protracted struggle that will drag on for months or even years.

Observations from Tehran

From our position, this division in Germany is highly significant:

• Whoever wins will shape Europe’s future—If the Militärregierung triumphs, we may see a militarized but traditional Germany, perhaps even a return to Kaiser-era rule. If the Nazis hold out, their grip on the country may become even more extreme and desperate.

• France and Britain remain silent—Neither of them has intervened directly, at least not yet. Are they waiting to see who emerges victorious, or do they fear being drawn into a wider war?

• The Soviet Union is watching—With Nazi forces concentrated in the east, Stalin may see an opportunity to exploit German weakness for his own ends.

Iran’s Perspective

For now, we remain spectators to history, but this war in Germany is a reminder of how quickly the world can change. A nation that only a year ago seemed unified and resurgent is now divided, bleeding, and uncertain of its future.

We must continue monitoring the situation closely—because the fate of Germany will not just affect Europe, but the entire global balance of power.

Civil War in Germany

March 29, 1936 – SAVAK’s First Intelligence Briefing

Today, SAVAK delivered its first operational briefing, marking the beginning of Iran’s intelligence operations beyond our borders. Their report focused on Iraq, a nation that has long been of strategic and historical interest to us.

According to SAVAK, an intelligence network is being set up in Baghdad, led by an operative named Karim Jahandar. His mission is simple yet critical—to establish a foothold in Iraq and develop a network that will provide intelligence on political and military developments in the country.

Jahandar will be responsible for:

• Infiltrating political and military circles in Baghdad and identifying key figures of interest.

• Monitoring British influence, as Iraq remains heavily dependent on London’s backing.

• Assessing the strength of the Iraqi military to determine its capabilities should conflict arise.

The Road to Conflict?

SAVAK’s report only reinforces what I have long suspected—hostilities with Iraq are becoming more likely. If Iran is to truly rise as a great power, we cannot ignore Iraq, a nation that was once part of our empire and should one day be reunited with us.

However, this will not be an easy undertaking:

• Iraq remains under British influence, and any move against them could provoke an international response.

• The Iraqi military, though weak, is not without its strengths—they will fight to defend their sovereignty.

• Timing will be crucial—with Germany in civil war and Italy expanding in Africa, the world’s attention is divided. If Iran is to act, we must strike at the right moment.

For now, Jahandar and his network must remain in the shadows. Iran is not yet ready for open conflict, but this intelligence network will provide the foundation for future action.

One day, Iraq will be part of Iran again. The only question is when.

April 1, 1936 – Army Readiness Achieved, but Supply Issues Remain

Today, General Arfa reported that the army has reached its target level of readiness. The divisions are now well-drilled, organized, and fully prepared for operations. This is a significant milestone, and credit must be given to Arfa’s leadership and the discipline of our troops.

However, despite this progress, the army remains undersupplied. The shortage of rifles and equipment continues to hamper full operational effectiveness. Arfa estimates that, at current production levels, it will take another 279 days to fully equip the army with the necessary rifles. This is far too long.

What This Means for Iran’s Military Ambitions

• While our troops are battle-ready, their firepower is still lacking.

• Any offensive operations would be risky until we close the supply gap.

• We must consider accelerating arms production or securing alternative sources of weapons.

We must now decide on our next steps—do we accept this slow buildup, or do we seek ways to expedite the arming of our divisions? The Shah will not tolerate stagnation, and neither will I.

Iran must be ready, and that means finding a way to reduce this waiting time—before circumstances force us into action.

April 7, 1936 – An Overreach by SAVAK?

Against my advice, and under pressure from SAVAK itself, it has been decided to further expand the intelligence agency. I believe this to be a mistake—at least for now.

The reasoning behind the decision is clear—SAVAK is still in its infancy, and the Shah wants it to be a fully capable instrument of state power. But the cost of this expansion is once again a complete halt in civilian development for an entire month. This is time that could have been spent strengthening our industrial capacity, improving supply lines, or accelerating rifle production for the army.

The Shah’s Obsession with SAVAK

The Shah is clearly fascinated with his new creation. He sees SAVAK as a vital tool for securing his rule, crushing dissent, and ensuring that Iran remains impenetrable to foreign subversion. But I do not share his enthusiasm—at least, not to this degree.

SAVAK already has its first overseas network in Baghdad, and it is functioning domestically as well. I fail to see why it must be immediately expanded again, especially when our military remains critically undersupplied and our industrial base is still too small.

A Strategic Mistake?

I believe this decision will slow down our overall modernization at a time when we should be prioritizing economic and military expansion. The Shah’s desire for control is understandable, but at what cost?

For now, I can do little but watch as our civilian efforts are once again put on hold. I hope that when this month is over, we can finally shift focus back to the things that truly matter—building a stronger Iran, not just a more paranoid one.

April 15, 1936 – Industrial Expansion & the Shah’s Literacy Initiative

The rapid industrialization program is bearing fruit. Today, we inaugurated two new civilian industrial factory complexes, a significant step toward strengthening Iran’s economic foundation. The event, attended by the Shah himself, was a moment of triumph—a tangible sign that modernization is no longer just an idea, but a reality taking shape before our eyes.

The Shah was visibly pleased, and rightly so. These new factories will increase our industrial output, allowing us to expand both our civilian and military production. Infrastructure, trade, and manufacturing will all benefit from this development.

A New Vision – The Shah’s Literacy Campaign

During the event, the Shah took the opportunity to deliver a speech outlining his next major reform initiative—a nationwide adult literacy campaign. He spoke with conviction, promising that the program would be implemented immediately, ensuring that the Iranian people would no longer be left behind in an era of progress.

I fully agree with him. Education is just as important as industry and military strength. A modern Iran cannot be built on an uneducated population. If we are to compete with the great powers, we must first ensure that our people are equipped with knowledge.

April 20, 1936 – Unrest Brewing in the Levant

News from the Levant today suggests that Palestinian resistance against British rule is on the verge of erupting into full-scale revolt. Reports indicate growing unrest, and it seems likely that an uprising will soon begin.

Implications for Iran

While this conflict does not directly concern us, its strategic consequences in the region are worth considering:

• A Distraction for the British – If Palestine erupts into rebellion, Britain will be forced to divert resources and attention to maintain control over the area. This could weaken their position elsewhere in the Middle East, including Iraq.

• Regional Instability – A prolonged conflict in the Levant could spread unrest across the Arab world, affecting British-controlled territories such as Jordan, Iraq, and Egypt.

• An Opportunity? – While Iran has no direct stake in the Palestinian cause, anything that weakens Britain’s grip on the region is worth observing. If they become entangled in a protracted conflict, they may be less able to respond to Iranian ambitions elsewhere.

A Situation to Watch Closely

For now, we observe from a distance. But the Middle East is changing—the colonial order is being tested, and if Britain struggles to maintain control, it will send a signal to other nations that the old powers are not as invincible as they seem.

We must monitor this situation carefully. The British Empire may not be as strong as it once was, and if their hold over the region begins to loosen, Iran must be ready to seize any opportunities that arise.

April 25, 1936 – The German Junta Gains Ground

News from Germany today confirms that the German Military Junta has taken full control of the Königsberg region. This is a significant development in the ongoing German Civil War and will likely shift the balance in their favor.

Why Königsberg Matters

With Königsberg secured, the Militärregierung now has:

• A stable rear position—They can now withdraw troops from the east, reinforcing their forces in the main conflict zones.

• Access to additional resources and manpower—The region, while isolated, still holds strategic value in terms of logistics and supply lines.

• Greater legitimacy—With full control of the eastern frontier, the Junta can claim to be the true government of all Germany, a key factor in gaining international recognition.

The War’s Trajectory

This victory does not mean the war is over, but it strengthens the Junta’s position considerably.

• The Nazis are now squeezed further into the eastern part of Germany, losing ground and likely facing increasing shortages.

• The Junta’s forces are now in a position to shift troops westward, bringing much-needed reinforcements to the frontlines.

• If this momentum continues, Hitler’s days may be numbered.

Observing from Tehran

The Shah has taken note of this development, though for now, we remain mere observers of Germany’s internal conflict. However, the longer this war drags on, the greater the impact on the European balance of power—something we must continue to monitor closely.

A Junta victory seems more likely now, but war is unpredictable. Germany is not yet fully decided.

April 26, 1936 – Ethiopia Fractures, an Italian Puppet Emerges

Meanwhile, in the other major conflict in the world, there are new developments in Ethiopia. Reports indicate that certain elements within Ethiopia have sided with the Italians, establishing a new collaborationist regime—the Governate of Ethiopia. This entity, essentially an Italian puppet state, now controls the north and east of the country under the leadership of Haile Selassie Gugsa.

Who is Haile Selassie Gugsa?

Unlike his more famous namesake, Haile Selassie Gugsa appears to have taken a very different path.

• He is a nobleman of Ethiopian royal descent, holding the title of Governor of eastern Tigray.

• Instead of resisting the Italians, he has defected to their side, bringing his men with him.

• His collaboration has allowed the Italians to secure parts of northern Ethiopia with greater ease.

• As a reward for his loyalty, the Italians have placed him in charge of their new puppet state.

The Fate of Ethiopia Looks Grim

With Ethiopia now divided, its survival looks increasingly uncertain:

• The Italians, who were already making steady advances, now have local allies strengthening their grip.

• Ethiopian resistance becomes even more difficult, as the country is now facing both external invasion and internal betrayal.

• The League of Nations does nothing, proving itself once again powerless against aggression.

Iran’s View on the Situation

While Ethiopia is far from our borders, this conflict serves as a grim reminder of how easily a nation can lose its sovereignty when faced with foreign imperialism and internal treachery. The Italians are showing a clear strategy—using local collaborators to divide and conquer.

This is a lesson we must take to heart. If war ever comes to Iran, we must ensure that there are no Haile Selassie Gugsas in our own ranks.

For Ethiopia, however, the future looks bleak. Their independence may soon be nothing more than a memory.

May 3, 1936 – Labor Reforms and Stability

The Shah has decided to invest considerable political capital in improving factory workers' conditions. This move is intended to increase national stability, ensuring that the workforce remains loyal and productive as Iran continues its rapid modernization.

On the positive side, this decision should help stabilize the country, reducing potential unrest and strengthening public confidence in the government. A workforce that feels valued and protected is less likely to be swayed by agitators or external influences.

However, there is also a cost. Factory reforms will slow production output, at least in the short term. With military rifle shortages still ongoing and industrial expansion critical for our ambitions, even a slight drop in efficiency is something we cannot afford lightly.

Balancing Growth and Stability

I understand the Shah’s reasoning—modernization must include the well-being of the people, not just the expansion of industry and military strength. However, Iran is still catching up with the great powers, and every delay in production slows our ability to equip our forces and prepare for future conflicts.

For now, we shall monitor the effects of this reform. If stability improves as expected, this may prove to be a worthy investment in the long term. If not, we may have to reassess priorities and ensure that Iran’s industrial ambitions remain on track.

May 20, 1936 – The Vision of the Pahlavi Imperium

The Shah has spoken to me of his ultimate vision—the establishment of a Pahlavi Imperium. This is significant, as it reveals the true extent of his ambitions. He does not merely seek to modernize Iran; he aspires to restore Persian greatness, creating a new empire that will stand as a dominant power in the region.

At the same time, his focus is not solely on military expansion. He is equally determined to improve Iran’s social structure, ensuring that the foundation of this imperium is strong. The nationwide literacy campaign is already yielding results, and stability has now surpassed 60%—a dramatic improvement from where we stood only a few months ago. The people are beginning to feel the benefits of modernization, and a stronger, more unified Iran is emerging.

Watching Global Developments – A Socialist Bolivia

Meanwhile, news from South America—socialists have taken power in Bolivia. While far from our concerns, it is still important to track global political shifts. Socialist movements, where they succeed, have a tendency to spread, and instability in any part of the world is a reminder of how quickly the political landscape can change.

For now, our focus remains on Iran and its future, but I will continue to watch global events carefully. The world is shifting, and we must be ready to adapt, take advantage, or defend our interests as necessary.

June 9, 1936 – The German Junta Tightens Its Grip

As predicted, the German Military Junta continues to gain the upper hand in the civil war. Reports indicate that their forces have advanced all the way to the Czechoslovak border, effectively cutting Nazi-held territory in two—separating the northern and southern regions under Hitler’s control.

The Nazi Regime on the Brink?

This latest development suggests that the Nazis are losing cohesion, with their forces now trapped in fragmented pockets. If the Junta maintains its momentum, it may only be a matter of time before Hitler’s regime collapses entirely.

Key takeaways from this advance:

• The Junta has secured a dominant position, controlling most of Germany’s key industrial regions.

• The Nazi forces in the south are now isolated, making it difficult for them to reinforce their positions or resupply effectively.

• If the trend continues, Hitler’s defeat may be imminent, though desperate forces often fight hardest when cornered.

June 26, 1936 – A New Army Chief of Staff

Today, I have convinced the Shah to appoint General Ali Akbar Derakshani as our new Army Chief of Staff. This decision is of great importance, as we must ensure that Iran’s military command is in the hands of capable and experienced leaders.

While our forces have achieved basic readiness, I remain concerned that we lack the strategic depth and operational experience needed for large-scale warfare. If conflict arises sooner rather than later, we must be prepared—not just with equipment, but with competent leadership at the highest levels.

Derakshani—A Man of the Field

Derakshani is a seasoned officer, one who has spent more time in the field than behind a desk. He is not a grand strategist in the European mold, nor does he indulge in political maneuvering, but he understands discipline, logistics, and the practicalities of war.

He made his name in the deserts of the south, leading units against tribal uprisings and border skirmishes, where he proved himself resourceful and relentless. Unlike some of the more aristocratic officers, he commands respect from the men not because of his lineage, but because of his actions.

There is a certain bluntness to his character—he does not waste words, and he makes his opinions uncomfortably clear. But perhaps that is precisely what we need at this moment: a man who is not distracted by court politics, but instead focused solely on the army’s ability to fight and win.

Preparing for the Future

With Derakshani as Chief of Staff, our next focus must be:

• Expanding and modernizing the officer corps, ensuring we have the command structure to support larger operations.

• Intensifying military training and exercises, pushing our forces beyond mere readiness into true combat effectiveness.

• Aligning military strategy with national ambitions, as the Shah’s vision for a Pahlavi Imperium requires a strong and disciplined army to back it.

This appointment marks a step forward, but we have much work ahead. If Iran is to rise, its military must be ready for the struggles to come.

July 1, 1936 – Advancements in Industry and the Future of Airborne Troops

Our research into improving basic machine tools is finally bearing fruit. Today, I can say with confidence that Iran has reached technological parity with the great industrial powers of the world in this field. The efficiency gains from this development will allow us to produce more, with greater precision and at a faster pace—a critical step in ensuring our military and civilian industries can sustain future expansion.

With this milestone reached, we have now shifted our research focus entirely to military advancements. If Iran is to project real power, we must have forces that are not just well-trained, but specialized.

The Case for Airborne Forces

After much discussion, I have convinced the Shah that the best course of action is to begin developing airborne troops. Given his personal enthusiasm for aviation, it was not difficult to persuade him that paratroopers represent the pinnacle of modern military thinking.

Why airborne forces? The reasoning is clear:

• They represent the cutting edge of warfare—few armies in the world possess such forces, and their flexibility and strategic value are unmatched.

• Iran’s geography is unforgiving—mountains, deserts, and vast distances make conventional deployments slow and cumbersome. Airborne troops will give us speed and unpredictability in our operations.

• Our adversaries will have no answer to them—our regional opponents rely on conventional infantry and cavalry. A well-trained airborne corps will allow us to strike behind enemy lines, seize key locations, and disrupt their command structures before they can react.

Building the Infrastructure for Airborne Operations

However, having paratroopers alone is not enough. If we are to field such forces effectively, we must invest in the necessary infrastructure and air power to support them:

• More airfields must be built, particularly in strategic locations near potential flashpoints.

• The air force must be expanded, especially with fighter aircraft, as air superiority is essential for airborne operations. We cannot deploy paratroopers if we do not control the skies.

• Transport aircraft production must also be a focus, as logistics will dictate the actual combat effectiveness of these troops.

A New Era for Iran’s Military Thinking

This is a bold step, one that places Iran at the forefront of military modernization. We are not simply building an army—we are creating a force designed to dominate modern battlefields.

But this will take time, resources, and commitment. The vision is clear, but the work has only just begun. Much to do.

July 21, 1936 – SAVAK Reports a Coup in the Making in Iraq

Today, we received the first tangible results from our SAVAK intelligence network in Iraq. Their operatives report that the likelihood of a coup is emerging, and the situation in Baghdad is becoming increasingly unstable.

According to the intelligence, Bakr Sidqi, a high-ranking military officer with fascist tendencies, appears to be preparing to seize control of the country and remove the current Prime Minister, Yasin al-Hashimi, sometimes referred to as the “Bismarck of the Arabs.”

Who is Bakr Sidqi?

Bakr Sidqi is a ruthless and ambitious military leader, currently serving as Chief of Staff of the Iraqi Army.

• He is a staunch nationalist and has admired the militaristic efficiency of European fascist regimes, particularly Mussolini’s Italy.

• He has a history of violent suppression, most notably his brutal crackdown on the Assyrian population in 1933, an event that cemented both his power and his willingness to use force against internal threats.

• He has long been discontent with civilian rule, believing that Iraq needs a strong military-led government rather than the current system.

Who is Yasin al-Hashimi?

Yasin al-Hashimi is one of the most skilled politicians in the Arab world, earning him the nickname “Bismarck of the Arabs” for his diplomatic abilities and maneuvering.

• He is a strong advocate for Arab unity and has tried to consolidate Iraq as a regional power under his leadership.

• A former Ottoman officer, he has played a key role in modernizing Iraq’s administration and military, making him both respected and resented within the government.

• However, he is seen as too closely aligned with British interests, and this has made him deeply unpopular with nationalist factions—especially within the army.

Implications for Iran

This potential coup is of great strategic importance to us. If Bakr Sidqi seizes power:

• Iraq will likely move toward a militarized, authoritarian regime, possibly increasing regional tensions.

• British influence in Iraq may weaken, which could open new opportunities for Iran to assert its own influence.

• If Sidqi leans toward fascism, we must consider whether this makes him a future ally or a future enemy.

For now, we watch carefully. The fate of Iraq is shifting, and whatever comes next could change the balance of power in the region.

July 29, 1936 – Internal Threats & Indian Turmoil

Today, SAVAK called for an urgent meeting, presenting a grave assessment of the domestic situation. According to their intelligence, as the Shah consolidates more and more power, various political factions are beginning to show growing distaste and distrust toward the government.

A Coup in the Making?

SAVAK estimates that there is a real danger of a conspiracy emerging to overthrow us. They believe we have up to a year to address this threat before it materializes into direct action.

The Shah did not take the news lightly. Rather than waiting to assess the situation further, he has ordered an immediate clampdown. There will be no hesitation, no negotiations, and no tolerance for dissent. Opposition figures will be watched, restricted, or eliminated before they can act.

I must admit, this response concerns me. Suppressing opposition is one thing, but a rapid and aggressive crackdown risks creating even more resentment. A heavy hand may provoke the very rebellion we are trying to prevent. For now, I keep my concerns to myself—but I will watch how this situation unfolds carefully.

Turmoil in India – The "Princely Breakaway State"

Meanwhile, in India, chaos has erupted. A figure by the name of Subrata Hooda has declared that he is separating from the British Raj, leading to the formation of a new breakaway state in Baluchistan and Waziristan.

The new entity is calling itself the Princely Breakaway State, a curious and almost unserious name for such a dramatic event.

Who is Subrata Hooda?

Hooda is an enigma, a man who seems to thrive in chaos and uncertainty. It is difficult to say what truly drives him—is he an opportunist, seizing a moment of weakness to carve out his own rule? Or does he genuinely believe in some higher vision, seeing himself as a liberator of the frontier tribes?

What is certain is that he is bold—to break away from the British Raj in such a decisive manner requires a level of confidence, or madness, that few possess. It also suggests he is not acting alone—he must have secured the backing of local warlords, tribal leaders, or perhaps even foreign elements who see an advantage in his rebellion.

Hooda’s strength will not come from conventional military power, but rather from his ability to command loyalty and navigate the shifting allegiances of the frontier tribes. If he can do that, the British may struggle to root him out quickly. If he cannot, his so-called Princely Breakaway State will collapse before it can even establish itself.

What This Means for Iran

• If British authority in India weakens further, it may force London to divert attention and resources, making them less capable of countering other developments in the region—including in Iraq and the Middle East.

• If the breakaway state stabilizes, it could become a future player in regional politics, one that Iran may need to deal with directly.

• If the British crush the rebellion swiftly, it will send a message that the empire is still strong—for now.

A World on the Brink

Between internal threats at home, a looming coup in Iraq, and British India unraveling, the world seems more unstable by the day.

For now, we brace ourselves, knowing that the next year could be one of the most decisive in Iran’s future.

August 5, 1936 – The Future of Iranian Aviation

Today, the Shahbaz Aircraft Company presented us with the blueprints for Iran’s first domestically designed transport aircraft. This marks a major step forward in our aviation ambitions, and the Shah is visibly excited by the prospect. He has ordered us to explore immediate production, eager to see Iran’s air power become a reality.

The Production Challenge

While the project is promising, there is a problem—all of our military factory complexes are currently engaged in producing essential material for the army, particularly rifles and artillery. Shifting resources to aircraft production now will strain an already overstretched industrial sector.

After reviewing our options, I believe that the best course of action is to repurpose the line currently being used for basic support equipment, at least for now. It is not an ideal solution, as every piece of equipment is still necessary for our ground forces, but air transport capabilities will become increasingly important, especially with our plans for airborne troops.

I will need to find a way to balance both priorities, ensuring that we do not weaken the army’s logistical capabilities while still delivering what the Shah demands.

The Next Step – Domestic Fighter Production

Beyond this, the Shah and I discussed the next phase of our aviation research. His vision is clear—Iran must not just rely on foreign aircraft but develop its own fighter production capabilities. The next priority in research will be focused on achieving this goal, ensuring that our air force is capable of defending Iranian skies without relying on imports.

A Nation at the Crossroads of Modernization

This is an exciting yet challenging time. We are pushing forward on multiple fronts—army modernization, industrial expansion, intelligence operations, and now aviation development. The foundation for a new Iran is being laid, but every step forward comes with new obstacles to overcome.

For now, I must find a way to make this production work, balancing military necessity with long-term strategic goals. The Shah wants results, and I cannot afford to fail him.

August 6, 1936 – My Birthday & The Fall of Berlin

Today, on my birthday, I spent the day reviewing the situation in Germany with representatives from SAVAK and various ministries. The reports coming in confirm what we had already suspected—Berlin has fallen.

The German Military Junta now controls the capital, and the remaining Nazi strongholds are collapsing one by one. At this point, it seems to be only a matter of weeks before the Junta secures full control of Germany.

The End of the Nazi Regime

The Nazis, once so loud and defiant, now find themselves on the verge of total destruction. With the fall of Berlin, Hitler’s government has effectively ceased to exist, and their forces are now fighting a losing battle in fragmented pockets across the country.

What seemed, only a few years ago, to be a rising power in Europe, will soon disappear into the obscure pages of history. This will be one of the greatest reversals of fortune in modern times—a nation that had been rearming, expanding, and threatening its neighbors is now consumed by its own internal divisions.

What This Means for the World

• Europe’s future is now uncertain—a Germany under military rule may be more stable but still aggressive.

• The Western powers have remained uninvolved, allowing this war to play out without direct intervention. What does this say about their willingness to act in future conflicts?

• For Iran, this is a lesson—a strong military is the key to political survival. If Hitler had retained the loyalty of his generals, perhaps history would have turned out differently.

For now, we watch as history unfolds, knowing that the map of Europe is once again being redrawn. The world continues to shift, and Iran must be prepared for whatever comes next.

A strange way to spend one’s birthday, contemplating the fall of a European empire, but such are the times we live in.

August 25, 1936 – The Nazis Surrender, Hitler is Dead

The Nazi regime has officially surrendered. Germany is now fully under the control of the German Military Junta, marking the end of one of the most radical and dangerous movements in modern history.

Reports confirm that Hitler is dead, though the exact circumstances remain unclear. Some say he fell in battle, others claim he took his own life rather than face capture. Regardless of the truth, his vision for Germany has been utterly crushed.

The Mystery of Heinrich Himmler

One significant question remains—what happened to Heinrich Himmler?

As Hitler’s number two, head of the SS, and a fanatical believer in Nazi ideology, he is one of the most dangerous men in Germany. Yet, no one knows his whereabouts.

• Has he escaped into hiding, waiting for the right moment to revive his movement?

• Was he captured and executed in secret, with the Junta keeping it quiet?

• Could he have fled the country, seeking refuge elsewhere to continue his work in the shadows?

It will be interesting to see how the new rulers of Germany manage this transition. Will they attempt to stabilize the country under a military dictatorship, or will they try to restore a civilian government?

What This Means for Iran

• The fall of the Nazis removes one unpredictable player from global politics, but the Junta’s Germany remains an unknown factor.

• If the Junta consolidates power effectively, Germany could once again rise as a dominant force in Europe—perhaps not as extreme as under the Nazis, but still militaristic.

• If remnants of the Nazi ideology survive underground, it could lead to further instability in the region.

For now, Europe watches cautiously, as does Iran. The world has changed once again, and history marches forward.

September 1, 1936 – Strengthening the Joint Staff

Today, we have decided to expand the Iranian Joint Staff, appointing another key figure to lead one of the most critical branches of our military. After careful consideration, we have selected General Ahmed Khan Nakhjavan as the Chief of the Air Force.

Who is General Ahmed Khan Nakhjavan?

Nakhjavan is a seasoned military officer with a distinguished career in the armed forces. He comes from an old military family of Azerbaijani descent, known for their service to Iran and their commitment to national defense.

His background is firmly rooted in discipline and modernization, making him an ideal candidate for leading the transformation of Iran’s air power. He has been an advocate for military reform, particularly in adopting modern training and operational doctrines.

As one of Iran’s most experienced pilots, Nakhjavan has been instrumental in shaping early Iranian aviation doctrine. His understanding of air combat, logistics, and strategy makes him an essential figure in our push to modernize the Air Force.

Why This Appointment Matters

The Shah has made aviation a national priority, and Nakhjavan’s appointment comes at the right moment as we:

• Push forward with the Shahbaz Aircraft Company’s transport aircraft project

• Begin laying the groundwork for domestic fighter production

• Develop our airborne divisions, which will require a capable air force for rapid deployment

His Role Moving Forward

As Chief of the Air Force, Nakhjavan will oversee:

• The expansion of Iran’s airfields and infrastructure

• Pilot training programs, ensuring our forces are prepared for modern aerial warfare

• The strategic integration of air power into military planning, making the Air Force a decisive tool in Iran’s future conflicts

This appointment marks another step in the transformation of our military. We are no longer just thinking in terms of defense, but in power projection.

Iran is changing, and those who shape its military today will determine its dominance tomorrow.

September 2, 1936 – An Attempt on the Shah’s Life

Today, I almost faced death.

I am not usually one to attend the Shah’s endless speech engagements, preferring to dedicate my time to matters of state. But for some reason, I decided to come along this time—partly because the Shah insisted on using the downtime in the car to discuss certain pressing matters.

He was about midway through his speech when suddenly, shots rang out.

A Narrow Escape

I had been standing only a few meters behind him when the bullets whisked past us both, narrowly missing the Shah, myself, and the rest of the entourage. In those few seconds, chaos erupted—guards moved instantly, the crowd screamed, and before I could even fully process what had happened, the Shah was being whisked away to safety by his bodyguards.

Though shaken, he remained composed. It is one thing to be the absolute ruler of a nation, but quite another to be reminded that there are those who would end your life in an instant.

Who Was Behind It?

The assassination attempt appears to have been orchestrated by disgruntled elements within the military—though their exact motivations remain unclear. What is certain is that SAVAK will now be tasked with drilling through every layer of the armed forces, uprooting any trace of dissent before it has the chance to manifest again.

A purge may be inevitable—whether or not that is the wisest course of action remains to be seen.

The Silver Lining

There is, strangely, a political advantage to all this. The failed attempt on his life has only solidified the Shah’s image as a strong and resilient leader, one who survived an attack meant to bring him down. Popularity for him has surged, and national stability has now risen to over 70%.

Even those who once doubted him now see him as the unwavering figurehead of the nation, a man destined to lead Iran into the future.

But if today was any indication, that future will not come without bloodshed.

September 5, 1936 – The First Transport Aircraft Prototype

Today, I made the decision to move forward with the construction of our first prototype Transport Aircraft. This is a significant step forward in our aviation development, even though it comes at a cost.

The Challenges Ahead

While the Shah’s enthusiasm for aviation remains undeniable, this decision does not come without difficulties:

• It will slow us down on other fronts, particularly in the production of basic military equipment.

• We face a critical shortage of both rubber and aluminum, materials essential for aircraft construction.

• Our industrial capacity is still stretched thin, and prioritizing the prototype means some areas of production will suffer.

Yet, despite these challenges, I believed it was time to get the line going. Delaying further would only push us behind in our long-term ambitions, and at some point, we must take risks to advance.

Why Now?

This project is not just about a single aircraft—it is about laying the foundation for a modern Iranian Air Force capable of deploying airborne troops, supplying distant operations, and eventually asserting dominance in our region. If we do not start now, we will always be dependent on foreign designs.

The Shah will be pleased to see progress, but this is just the beginning. The true test will be whether our industry can sustain this production and if we can secure the raw materials necessary to keep it going.

Much to do.

October 1, 1936 – The Fall of Ethiopia

Today, Ethiopia has officially capitulated. After months of brutal fighting, the Italians have succeeded in their conquest, reshaping the map of East Africa in their favor.

The New Order in Ethiopia

The Italian victory has resulted in a division of the country, effectively splitting Ethiopia into two distinct territories:

• The Italians now directly control key strategic regions, creating a land connection between their holdings in Eritrea and their colonial outpost in Somaliland. This gives them full logistical control over the Horn of Africa, allowing for easier military movement and economic exploitation of the region.

• The so-called “Governorate of Ethiopia” has been established as an Italian puppet state, ruling over the western Ethiopian territories. Addis Ababa remains their capital, though true power undoubtedly rests in Rome, not with the local administration.

What This Means for Iran

While Ethiopia is far from our direct sphere of influence, this conquest signals a troubling precedent—a European power has successfully dismantled an independent state with little to no consequences. The League of Nations, as expected, has done nothing.

This raises important questions:

• Will other expansionist powers take note of this weakness and act accordingly?

• Does this mark the beginning of further European colonial ambitions in Africa and beyond?

• Will Italy shift its focus toward the Middle East next, particularly towards British-controlled territories?

The balance of power is shifting, and if this war in Africa has taught us anything, it is that strength determines survival, not treaties or diplomacy.

For now, we watch and learn, knowing that Iran’s own ambitions must be pursued with decisive action—before the world’s great powers shape the future without us.

October 9, 1936 – Civil War Erupts in Spain

And now, trouble elsewhere. Reports confirm that Spain has descended into civil war, with the Nationalists under José Sanjurjo rising up against the Republican government. Another nation is now torn apart by internal strife, adding to the growing instability across the world.

The Sides in the Conflict

• The Nationalists, led by General José Sanjurjo, represent traditionalist, conservative, and authoritarian forces. They are backed by elements of the military, monarchists, and the Catholic Church—all of whom oppose the leftist policies of the Republican government.

• The Republicans, still holding onto power for now, are composed of socialists, communists, anarchists, and moderate republicans, seeking to preserve Spain’s democratic system.

The Strategic Implications

This war is not just a Spanish affair—it is likely to become a proxy conflict between competing ideologies:

• Fascist and authoritarian states may rally behind Sanjurjo, seeing him as a bulwark against communism.

• Leftist movements across Europe may see this as their chance to establish a true socialist Spain.

• Britain and France, caught in the middle, may struggle to decide how to respond—if they intervene at all.

Iran’s Perspective

For now, this is a distant war, but one that further proves how fragile modern states truly are. The question we must ask ourselves is: could this happen here? SAVAK has already warned of dissatisfaction within the military, and only last month, an assassination attempt on the Shah nearly succeeded.

Spain’s war is a reminder that power is never guaranteed—it must be defended at all costs.

For now, we observe, knowing that what happens in Spain could set the tone for conflicts to come.

October 29, 1936 – A Successful Demonstration Flight

Today, I accompanied the Shah to our airfield near Tehran to witness a demonstration flight of our first domestically produced Transport Aircraft. This was a historic moment—the result of months of effort, planning, and industrial dedication.

A Perfect Flight

The aircraft flew beautifully, performing flawlessly in the air. It is now state-of-the-art, on par with the transport planes of the greater powers, a remarkable achievement for our still-developing aviation industry.

The Shah was extremely pleased, visibly proud of what Iran has accomplished in such a short time. This success cements the idea that we are no longer simply catching up with the world—we are creating modern military capabilities of our own.

The Production Challenge

Despite the success, production remains a limiting factor:

• We can only produce about 10 of these per year on the current production line.

• This is far from sufficient—we need at least 50 transport aircraft to properly support the paratrooper divisions we plan to develop.

• Without a larger fleet, airborne operations will remain theoretical rather than practical.

The Next Step

Now that the prototype has proven itself, we must:

1. Expand production, possibly by dedicating another factory line to aircraft manufacturing.

2. Secure additional resources, particularly aluminum and rubber, to sustain production levels.

3. Begin training paratrooper units, as aircraft alone are not enough—we need elite troops ready to use them.

This marks a new chapter for Iran’s military. We now have an air transport capability, but it must grow rapidly to truly serve our ambitions.

Much work remains, but today was a sign of progress—and a glimpse of the power we may one day wield.

November 11, 1936 – The Shah Dissolves Parliament

Today, the Shah has made a daring and unprecedented move—he has officially dissolved Parliament. This marks the first step in a three-part plan aimed at eliminating any possibility of an insurgency against the government.

A Three-Part Plan for Total Control

1. Dismantling Parliament – By removing this potential center of opposition, we neutralize political factions that might challenge the Shah’s rule. This will buy us precious time to consolidate power before any major resistance can form.

2. Persuading the People Through Progress – If we want to maintain legitimacy, we must ensure that the Iranian people see tangible benefits from modernization. This means:

   • Expanding the industrial base

   • Creating more jobs and opportunities

   • Ensuring economic prosperity so that dissatisfaction does not fester

3. Strengthening the Military – The ultimate safeguard. We must elevate our armed forces to at least 80,000 strong within a year, ensuring that no internal rebellion can hope to challenge the regime. This requires:

   • More weapons, more recruits, and more training

   • A military structure capable of enforcing order

   • Ensuring absolute loyalty to the Shah

A Risky but Necessary Gamble

This is a bold and aggressive move. By dissolving Parliament, we are eliminating any illusion of shared governance—this will either solidify the Shah’s rule completely or spark underground resistance.

For now, we watch and move quickly. The next few months will be critical. If we can deliver economic and military progress, the people will embrace this new era. If we fail, we may be sowing the seeds of rebellion instead of preventing it.

One thing is clear: Iran is now on an irreversible path to absolute centralization of power.

November 18, 1936 – The Princely Breakaway State Holds the Line

Against all odds, the Princely Breakaway State is holding firm against the full might of the British Empire. The Raj, backed by British forces from across the empire, has failed to achieve any meaningful breakthroughs across the mighty Indus River.

A Stalemate on the Indus

• The British offensive has stalled, unable to force their way past the natural defensive barrier of the Indus.

• Despite their overwhelming superiority in numbers, firepower, and resources, the Empire has found itself unable to crush the breakaway state as quickly as expected.

• The attacks have ceased—for now. The British forces appear to be reassessing their strategy, likely planning a new approach or waiting for reinforcements.

What This Means for Iran

While Iran remains a spectator in this conflict, its implications are significant:

1. The British Empire is not invincible – This rebellion, though small in scope, exposes vulnerabilities in British rule. If a breakaway state in Baluchistan and Waziristan can hold them off, what does that say about their control over the rest of the empire?

2. If the British cannot resolve this quickly, it may embolden others – Rebellions tend to inspire more rebellion. If this drags on, other nationalist movements may take notice.

3. Iran must watch for opportunities – If the British Empire weakens itself further, it could allow Iran to exert more influence in the region without direct confrontation.

For now, we wait. The British may regroup and strike harder, or they may seek other means to crush the rebellion. Either way, this fight is far from over.

December 10, 1936 – A Justified Decision

The dissolution of Parliament has proven to be the right decision. SAVAK’s intelligence reports confirm that this move has severely disrupted the plans of opposition factions, buying us valuable time to carry out the second and third phases of the Shah’s consolidation of power.

Destabilizing the Opposition

Without a functioning parliament, the opposition has lost its primary avenue for coordination. Any attempts at undermining the Shah’s authority must now be done in secret, without the legitimacy of a public political front.

• Dissidents are disorganized, unable to act effectively.

• Key political figures are struggling to regroup, as many relied on parliamentary mechanisms to push their influence.

• The military and SAVAK now have a clearer picture of subversive elements, making it easier to neutralize threats before they become serious.

The Path Forward

With this unexpected advantage, we now accelerate the next two steps:

1. Strengthening the economy – Expanding industrial production and creating jobs to convince the people that modernization brings prosperity. If they see progress, they will have no reason to support rebellion.

2. Expanding the armed forces – Reaching our target of 80,000 troops, ensuring that if opposition forces do regroup, we have the strength to crush them outright.

Buying Time for Total Control

This reprieve will not last forever. The opposition may be silent now, but silence does not mean surrender. We must move swiftly, ensuring that by the time they find their footing again, it will already be too late for them to resist.

For now, we remain firmly in control. Iran belongs to the Shah, and we will ensure it stays that way.

December 14, 1936 – The First Step Toward 80,000 Troops

In line with the Shah’s directive, I have given the order to raise another infantry division, marking the first step toward reaching our goal of an 80,000-strong army.

A Fully Equipped Force

For the first time, our existing divisions are fully equipped, their shortages now completely addressed. With this milestone achieved, we can now shift our focus from merely sustaining our forces to expanding them.

This new infantry division will:

• Increase our combat readiness, ensuring we have more manpower available for future operations.

• Bolster our internal security, further securing the Shah’s rule.

• Lay the groundwork for larger recruitment efforts in the coming months.

The Road to 80,000

This is just the beginning. If we are to meet our goal within the year, we will need to:

1. Expand recruitment efforts, ensuring a steady supply of new soldiers.

2. Increase arms production, keeping pace with the growing military.

3. Train officers and support staff, as numbers alone do not make an effective army.

With this new division forming, we are finally moving beyond preparation and into real expansion. The army is growing, and soon, it will be strong enough to secure Iran’s destiny.

January 7, 1937 – Expanding the Army, Step by Step

The 4th Infantry Division has now been successfully fielded, marking another milestone in our military expansion plan. However, as expected, the division is still woefully underequipped—a reality we must accept for now. Despite this, the new recruits have begun their training, and over time, the division will be gradually brought to full readiness.

Another Step Forward – A New Cavalry Division

At the same time as the 4th Infantry Division was officially integrated into the Army, I have given the order to field another cavalry division. The decision was made to maintain mobility and ensure we have forces capable of responding swiftly to internal or external threats.

The Path to 80,000 Troops Continues

With every new division, we move closer to our target of a fully modernized and expanded military. The current challenges remain:

• Shortages of equipment, which slow down full deployment.

• Limited industrial capacity, forcing us to balance military production with economic expansion.

• The need for experienced officers and training facilities, ensuring these divisions are not just filled with men, but led and trained properly.

Still, progress is progress. The army is growing, and with it, our ability to secure Iran’s future.

Much more to do, but the plan remains on track.

January 16, 1937 – Iraq Shifts Back to Britain

Our SAVAK intelligence network in Iraq is starting to pay off, delivering critical insights into the shifting political and military situation.

It seems that, in the aftermath of Bakr Sidqi’s assassination, Iraq is once again aligning itself with Great Britain. This marks a clear reversal from the more independent and militaristic path Sidqi had pursued. Without him, the Iraqi government appears to be retreating into the familiar embrace of British influence.

Signs of Strengthening British Ties

Several key developments suggest that British control over Iraq is tightening:

• The expansion of the airbase at Habbaniya—one of the most strategically significant military installations in the region. This suggests increased British military presence and a focus on ensuring air superiority in Iraq and beyond.

• The raising of three RAF Levy divisions—these are locally recruited forces, trained and equipped under British command. Their purpose is clear: to maintain stability and act as a buffer against internal threats or foreign influence.

What This Means for Iran

The implications of these moves are clear:

• Iraq, once unstable and possibly vulnerable, is now falling back under British protection.

• The British will now have greater air power in the region, and their increased investment in Habbaniya could be aimed at countering any future threats to their influence in the Middle East.

• While this limits our own opportunities for influence, it also confirms that our intelligence network is working. We now have real-time insight into what Baghdad is doing—and more importantly, what London is planning in our region.

For now, we continue to watch, analyze, and prepare. If the British are fortifying their position in Iraq, then we must ensure that Iran is not left behind in this regional game of power.

January 21, 1937 – Strengthening Iran’s Industrial Base

Today was a good day in Tehran. We inaugurated two new industrial complexes, marking yet another step forward in Iran’s modernization.

• A new civilian factory complex, which will strengthen our economy, create jobs, and improve our national infrastructure.

• A new military equipment production line, which has been dedicated to the much-needed production of rifles, ensuring that our growing army is properly armed.

The Shah’s Vision for Expansion

The Shah attended the inauguration personally, using the occasion to deliver an ambitious speech outlining Iran’s continued industrial expansion. He formally announced plans for:

• The construction of additional civilian factory complexes, ensuring that our economic base keeps pace with military growth.

• A brand-new power plant in Tehran, which will provide critical energy for our expanding industrial sector.

A Nation in Motion

With every factory and every production line, Iran moves further from its past limitations and closer to becoming a self-sufficient power.

However, our challenge remains balancing military and civilian development. If we are to become a true regional force, we must sustain economic prosperity while building a strong and modernized military.

For now, Tehran is growing, the factories are running, and the future looks promising.

January 27, 1937 – Civil War in Estonia

News reaches us today of a civil war erupting in distant Estonia. A faction calling itself the Independent SSR Republic has risen against the lawful government, openly declaring its alignment with Soviet ideology.

A War with an Inevitable Outcome?

This communist uprising puts the Estonian government in an extremely difficult position. While they may have some local forces loyal to them, the reality is stark:

• The rebels are openly allied with the Soviet Union, which gives them a massive ideological and logistical advantage.

• No foreign power has shown signs of supporting the Estonian government, meaning they are effectively on their own.

• The Soviets have not yet intervened, but history suggests that they will not hesitate to act if it ensures a friendly communist regime on their doorstep.

What This Means for Iran

While Estonia is far from our immediate concerns, its civil war serves as another example of how internal divisions can destroy a nation. We have already seen this pattern in Germany, Spain, and even Iraq. Now, it unfolds again in the Baltics, and we must ask ourselves:

• How long before the Soviets officially intervene? If they do, it may signal their growing willingness to project power beyond their borders.

• Will other nations react? Or will they allow another country to fall into Soviet control without a fight?

• Does this serve as a warning for Iran? If left unchecked, opposition forces can erupt into open rebellion. We must ensure that Iran remains stable and united, lest we one day face a similar crisis.

For now, we observe from afar. But this war in Estonia may well be another piece of a larger global shift—one that Iran cannot afford to ignore.

February 21, 1937 – Iran’s First Airborne Regiments

Today marks a historic step forward for Iran’s military—our research into airborne troops has progressed enough to begin forming the first elements of this elite special force.

The First Paratroopers of Iran

We are raising a total of four airborne regiments, each consisting of just over 5,000 troops. These regiments will be:

• Highly trained, mobile, and capable of rapid deployment to anywhere in the region.

• Supported by artillery and engineers, ensuring that they have the firepower and logistical backing needed for sustained operations.

• The foundation of what will become a much larger airborne force in the future, with even greater support capabilities.

This is not just a new unit—it is a completely new doctrine for Iran’s military. Airborne troops offer a strategic advantage unlike any other, allowing us to strike behind enemy lines, secure key positions, and rapidly respond to crises.

Shifting Research Focus – Strengthening Our Industrial Base

Now that the foundation for our airborne forces has been laid, our research focus is shifting back to improving our technological edge. It has been decided that we will once again invest in further improving machine tools.

Why? Because military might alone is not enough—if Iran is to maintain its momentum, it must continue advancing industrial efficiency to:

• Increase production speed, ensuring our growing military has the equipment it needs.

• Support future expansion, as both our army and air force require stronger logistical backing.

• Ensure we remain competitive with the world’s great powers, who continue to refine their industrial processes.

A Military in Transformation

With our first airborne regiments forming and our industry strengthening, Iran is moving rapidly into a new era of military and economic power.

The future belongs to those who prepare for it—and we are preparing.

Initial Composition of the Para regiments

March 3, 1937 – A Stunning Advance

Hard to believe, but the Princely Breakaway State has managed to cross the Indus River into West Punjab, capturing Rawalpindi. This is an unexpected development, as few believed they could push this deep into British-controlled territory. The question now is whether they can sustain this advance or if the British Empire will finally bring its full force to bear and crush the rebellion. Time will tell.

March 24, 1937 – Estonia Falls to the Soviets

Estonia has capitulated to the so-called Estonian Independent SSR. Of course, the "independent" part is nothing more than a farce. They may have it in the name, but in reality, they are nothing more than Moscow’s puppets. The Soviet Union now has complete control over Estonia, another piece of land absorbed into their growing sphere of influence. The world watches, but as expected, no one lifts a finger to stop it.

March 31, 1937 – A New Power Plant for Iran

As promised by the Shah, the new power plant has become operational today, marking another milestone in Iran’s modernization. This facility will provide much-needed energy to support our growing industrial base, ensuring that our factories and infrastructure can continue expanding without limitations. Step by step, Iran is becoming stronger, more self-sufficient, and ready for the future.

April 1, 1937 – Iran Joins the Saadabad Pact

For the past few weeks, we have been meeting with delegations from Turkey, who have been pushing for a closer partnership between our nations. After careful consideration, we have decided to agree to this pact, now being referred to as the Saadabad Pact.

Why We Agreed

There are clear benefits for Iran in signing this agreement:

1. Regional Political Capital – Aligning ourselves with Turkey and other signatories strengthens our influence in the region, showing that Iran is a diplomatic power, not just a rising military force.

2. A Non-Aggression Pact – This pact includes formal commitments to peace between the signatories, which could prove valuable as we prepare for future moves elsewhere. Ensuring stability on one front allows us to focus on our true ambitions.

3. Strengthening Ties with Neighbors – While Iran’s long-term goals remain our own, maintaining cordial relations with Turkey could serve as a useful counterbalance to other foreign influences in the Middle East.

A Tactical Agreement

Though framed as a partnership of equals, we must remain clear-eyed about our own ambitions. This agreement is a tool, and we will use it to our advantage as long as it serves Iran’s interests.

For now, the pact is signed, the handshakes exchanged, and the press releases sent out. But politics is never static—time will tell whether this alliance remains a genuine partnership or simply a convenient pause before larger ambitions unfold.

April 2, 1937 – Iran’s First Paratroopers Take Shape

Today marks another major milestone—the 1st and 2nd Paratrooper Regiments have been officially fielded. As expected, they are still under-equipped, but that does not change the significance of their formation.

Training Begins

Despite their shortages, these elite troops can now begin training with the 8 transport aircraft we have already produced. This training will be crucial in developing:

• Jump proficiency and coordination

• Tactical airborne operations

• Rapid deployment strategies for future conflicts

A New Chain of Command – The Airborne Corps

To reflect the specialized nature of these forces, the Shah has ordered the establishment of the Airborne Corps, a completely separate entity from the Iranian Army. Unlike regular ground forces, this new corps reports directly to the Field Marshal—the Shah himself.

Commanding the newly created Airborne Corps is General Bahram Aryana, a bold and forward-thinking officer who has been an outspoken advocate for modernization in the Iranian military. Aryana has experience in military strategy and logistics, making him a strong choice to oversee the development of Iran’s first airborne forces. His vision for fast, flexible strike forces aligns perfectly with the Shah’s ambitions for rapid deployment military operations.

A Long Road Ahead

Getting these regiments to full combat readiness will take time, but we cannot afford to wait. The 3rd and 4th Regiments will soon join them, and together, they will form the backbone of Iran’s airborne forces.

For now, training begins, and step by step, we shape the future of modern warfare in Iran.

April 7, 1937 – A New Neighbor to the East

The Princely Breakaway State has done it! Against all odds, they have secured their independence. Today, a peace agreement was signed between the new state and the British Empire, officially recognizing their sovereignty.

A Remarkable Outcome

Few believed they could survive, let alone win recognition, yet here we are. The mighty British Empire, unable to crush their resistance, has been forced to negotiate and accept the reality on the ground. This is historic—a sign that perhaps the colonial grip of the old empires is not as unbreakable as it once seemed.

What This Means for Iran

With a new independent state now bordering us to the east, many questions arise:

• Will they remain stable, or will their government prove fragile?

• Will they seek allies to secure their newfound independence?

• Could they become a potential partner—or a rival—in the region?

For now, all we can do is watch and assess. A new chapter begins in the east, and time will tell how it shapes Iran’s future.

April 16, 1937 – Addressing Supply Shortages

With two production lines now fully dedicated to rifle manufacturing, we are facing a critical shortage of supply equipment. To alleviate the situation, I have decided to procure the necessary equipment from Turkey and Uruguay, which will cost us precious civilian factory capacity for the next couple of months. However, this trade-off is necessary—without it, our military expansion would slow to an unacceptable pace.

May 7, 1937 – Chaos in China

News reaches us from both the east and the west, though one event is of far greater significance than the other. A civil war has erupted in Mexico, but that is too far from our concerns to merit much attention.

What is far more interesting is the shocking news from China—Chiang Kai-shek, the leader of Nationalist China, has been captured and executed by Mao Zedong’s communists. Reports suggest that this was done without the approval of the Soviet Union, and Stalin is said to be furious over what he sees as Mao’s reckless defiance.

A New Leader – Wang Jingwei

With Chiang gone, the new leader of Nationalist China is Wang Jingwei. A long-time political figure, Wang is known for his complex and often controversial role in Chinese politics.

• He was once a close associate of Sun Yat-sen, the founder of modern China, and has long been an advocate for Chinese nationalism.

• Politically, he has often been seen as a pragmatist, willing to negotiate where others insist on fighting.

• His leadership will likely bring a shift in strategy, as he lacks the military command experience of Chiang and may seek a different approach to dealing with the communists.

What This Means for the Region

China is now in turmoil, and with Moscow angry and the communists emboldened, the situation could spiral further. Whether Wang Jingwei can hold Nationalist China together, or if his government will collapse under internal and external pressures, remains to be seen.

For Iran, this is yet another reminder of how quickly power can shift—one wrong move, and a leader can be gone in an instant.

May 21, 1937 – More Supply Equipment from Uruguay

The supply equipment from Turkey and Uruguay has begun arriving, providing much-needed relief for our troops still in formation. However, it is not quite enough to meet our growing needs. To ensure that our new divisions can be properly equipped, I have decided to place an additional order with Uruguay. This will further strain our civilian factory capacity, but at this stage, we cannot afford shortages in essential military supplies.

May 30, 1937 – China Declares War on the Communists

At last, China has had enough. Today, the Nationalist government under Wang Jingwei has officially declared war on Mao Zedong’s Communist forces. This was inevitable—after the execution of Chiang Kai-shek, tensions have only escalated, and now China is fully at war with itself.

This conflict will be brutal, as Mao’s forces are known for their guerrilla tactics and deep entrenchment in rural areas. Whether Wang Jingwei can crush them quickly or if this war drags on will determine the future of China and its role in the world. For now, we watch closely—as instability in China often has ripple effects across Asia.

June 9, 1937 – Expanding Industry and Research

Today, two new civilian factory complexes were inaugurated, but unlike previous expansions, they were not built in Tehran. Instead, these new facilities have been established in other cities, ensuring that industrial growth is not restricted solely to the capital. This decision was made to stimulate development in lesser urban centers, spreading modernization across the entire nation rather than concentrating it in one place.

With this, we have now sufficiently increased our industrial complex to satisfy another element in our strategy to appease the opposition and bring the people to our side. Economic growth and visible modernization have always been central to the Shah’s vision—and if the people see prosperity, they will support stability. By creating jobs and improving infrastructure, we further eliminate grievances that could be exploited by dissidents.

Now, the only remaining element in the Shah’s three-part strategy is to increase our troop size to 80,000. With our industry stabilizing and our supply situation improving, this should happen relatively soon. Once achieved, the last major threat to internal instability will be removed, and the opposition will have no leverage left to challenge the regime.

With our industrial capacity steadily improving, we have now decided to shift our focus toward research. The next step is to expand our scientific and technological capabilities by establishing a third research facility, ensuring that Iran remains on the cutting edge of military and industrial advancements. The Shah has made it clear—we must not only match but surpass our regional rivals in knowledge and innovation.

June 18, 1937 – Ali-Akbar Davar Joins the Shah’s Inner Circle

Today, the Shah has made another strategic move, elevating Ali-Akbar Davar to his inner circle of close advisors. This appointment is significant—not just for the man himself, but for the direction of Iran’s governance.

Who is Ali-Akbar Davar?

Davar is a highly capable statesman, known for his sharp legal mind and administrative expertise. His greatest strength lies in his ability to bring order to complex situations, making him an ideal figure in a time of rapid transformation and consolidation of power.

• He was one of the architects of Iran’s modern judicial system, playing a key role in reforming outdated structures and ensuring legal efficiency.

• A firm believer in state-led modernization, he has long supported economic and bureaucratic reforms to make Iran more efficient and centralized.

• Though not a military man, his understanding of governance, law, and economic planning brings a much-needed stabilizing force to the Shah’s administration.

A Direct Impact on Stability

With Davar’s influence, stability in the country has now surpassed 80%. His presence alone reassures bureaucrats, industrialists, and reformers that the Shah’s vision is not just about military strength—it is about building a disciplined and orderly state.

His appointment signals that the Shah is not only focused on expansion and military growth but also on governance and institution-building. With Iran’s economic and military ambitions well underway, ensuring a strong administrative backbone is the next logical step.

Davar’s role will be crucial in the coming months, as Iran moves closer to full consolidation of power and regional influence.

June 22, 1937 – The 3rd Paratrooper Regiment & Another Supply Deal

Today, the 3rd Paratrooper Regiment was officially fielded and has begun training at our airbase. This brings us one step closer to establishing a fully operational airborne force, capable of rapid deployment and strategic strikes.

However, the General Staff continues to express concerns over supply shortages, particularly in support equipment. Our growing army is stretching our logistics capacity, and domestic production is still not keeping pace with our expansion efforts.

To address this, I have once again authorized the purchase of supply equipment from Uruguay, our only available supplier. It is not an ideal solution, but for now, it is the only option we have if we wish to keep our troops equipped and combat-ready.

June 26, 1937 – The Sultanate of Al-Hind & A Red Germany

Today, a new nation has formally emerged to our east. The Princely Breakaway State, after securing its independence, has now officially renamed itself the Sultanate Al-Hind. With this, we have established formal diplomatic relations, marking the beginning of a new chapter in regional politics.

Sultan Ahmad Yar Khan – Absolute Ruler of Al-Hind

Sultan Ahmad Yar Khan now stands as the sole ruler of this newly formed sultanate. Unlike the fragmented princely states that once dotted British India, this is a centralized monarchy with absolute power resting in the hands of the Sultan.

• Ahmad Yar Khan is a shrewd leader, having navigated the war of independence successfully and now seeking to legitimize his rule on the international stage.

• He presents himself as a protector of Islamic traditions while also trying to modernize aspects of governance to prevent internal fractures.

• His rule will be closely watched—can he keep his kingdom stable, or will British-backed elements attempt to undermine him?

For now, Iran watches and waits, carefully assessing whether this new neighbor will prove to be an ally, a rival, or an unpredictable force in the region.

A Communist Germany Emerges

Meanwhile, far to the west, the political landscape in Europe has dramatically shifted. The German Military Junta has collapsed, failing to maintain popular support, and in its place has risen the Socialist Republic of Germany, ruled by Ernst Thälmann.

Ernst Thälmann – The Red Chancellor of Germany

• A lifelong communist, Thälmann was once the leader of the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) before being imprisoned under the Nazi regime.

• With the fall of both Hitler’s fascists and the Military Junta, he has seized control, positioning himself as the leader of a workers’ state.

• Unlike the Soviet Union, which is ruled under Stalin’s iron grip, Thälmann’s government maintains some level of independence, though its deep ties to Moscow cannot be ignored.

What This Means for the World

• A communist Germany will reshape European politics, as both Britain and France now have a powerful leftist state in the heart of the continent.

• Stalin’s influence over Europe has grown significantly, even if Thälmann claims Germany is not a Soviet puppet.

• This proves that military rule alone is not enough—without popular support, regimes collapse, something we must remember as we consolidate Iran’s power.

Today, two new states have emerged—one a monarchy, the other a workers’ republic. Both will shape the world in different ways, and both will require careful observation.

July 14, 1937 – Japan Declares War on China

Disturbing news from the east—Japan has taken advantage of China’s internal struggles and has declared war on them. With Wang Jingwei’s Nationalist government already engaged in a full-scale campaign against Mao’s communists, they must now fight a second war against the Japanese war machine, which has begun its attack from its controlled territories in East Hebei.

China in a Desperate Position

• The Nationalist forces are now stretched thin, having to balance the war against the communists in the interior and the Japanese invasion in the east.

• The Japanese army is well-equipped, well-trained, and highly aggressive, and if they gain a foothold, they will not stop until they secure major cities and industrial centers.

• Whether Wang Jingwei can hold China together under these conditions remains uncertain—this war could lead to either a stronger, battle-hardened China or complete collapse.

This conflict is far from us, yet significant. A Japanese-dominated China would shift the balance of power across Asia, potentially leading to further ambitions in the region. We will watch closely, as what happens in China could have repercussions for Iran and beyond.

July 18, 1937 – Purchasing Type 88 Rifles from Guangxi

I have decided to further accelerate the arming of our forces by procuring a large shipment of Type 88 rifles from the Guangxi Clique. While we are steadily expanding our own production, the demand remains too high to meet domestically in a reasonable time. This purchase should help expedite the process and bring our troops closer to full equipment levels.

The Type 88 Rifle

The Type 88 is a bolt-action rifle originally derived from the German Gewehr 88 design, which was later modified and adapted for Chinese use. It is:

• Chambered in 7.92mm, a reliable and widely available cartridge.

• More modern than some outdated rifles still in service, offering decent accuracy and durability.

• A practical weapon for large-scale infantry forces, though not necessarily cutting-edge compared to newer European models.

While not the most advanced rifle in the world, it is proven, effective, and available in bulk, making it an ideal stopgap solution until our own factories can fully meet demand. For now, we continue leveraging foreign markets to ensure our army is fully armed and ready for whatever lies ahead.

August 4, 1937 – The Decision to Partially Mobilize

Over the past few days, the Shah and his closest advisors have been locked in deliberations over a critical question: Should Iran begin mobilizing in preparation for our future ambitions?

Today, we reached a consensus, and the Shah gave the order for partial mobilization. This is a measured step, designed to increase our military readiness without provoking an arms race in the region.

Why Partial Mobilization?

• We must prepare for our future objectives—having a well-trained, battle-ready force before conflict arises will ensure a decisive advantage when the time comes.

• We cannot afford to alarm our neighbors—a full mobilization would raise suspicion and trigger countermeasures, which could set back our plans before they even begin.

• Balancing strength with subtlety—we must expand our forces without attracting too much attention, allowing us to act at a time and place of our choosing.

With this decision, Iran takes another deliberate step forward on the path to asserting its rightful place as a regional power. The world may not notice it yet, but we are preparing for something greater.

August 16, 1937 – Advancements in Industry & The Next Step in Aviation

Further improvements in machine tools have once again propelled Iran’s industrial capabilities to be on equal footing with any of the great powers. Our factories are now operating with greater efficiency, precision, and productivity, ensuring that we can keep pace with the world in both military and civilian production.

Shifting Focus to Aviation

With industrial advancements secured, we have returned our focus to aviation. After thorough discussions, we have concluded that the next crucial step is the development of better aircraft engines—a necessary precursor to the prototype of our first domestically produced fighter aircraft.

Why Aircraft Engines?

• Superior engine performance means superior fighters—speed, maneuverability, and endurance all depend on a strong, reliable powerplant.

• To remain competitive, our air force must be self-reliant, no longer depending on foreign designs.

• The Shah’s vision of air superiority requires Iran to field modern, fast, and capable fighter aircraft, not just transport planes.

This marks the beginning of a new era for Iranian aviation—one where we are no longer purchasers of foreign aircraft but pioneers of our own airpower.

August 18, 1937 – A New Research Facility & Artillery Modernization

Today marked the inauguration of Iran’s third research facility, a milestone in our ongoing modernization efforts. Unlike the previous ones, this new facility is fully integrated into the country’s imperial-funded universities, ensuring that academic research and military development work hand in hand.

With its doors barely open, the facility was put to work immediately, focusing on a long-overdue upgrade of our artillery—at least to the standards of the 1920s.

Why Artillery Matters

• Our current field artillery is outdated, lacking the range, firepower, and mobility of what even second-tier military powers are using today.

• Modernization will give our forces better support firepower, ensuring that infantry divisions are backed by superior fire support.

• A strong artillery arm is essential for any future campaigns, whether in defense or offense.

With this new facility operational, Iran has taken another step forward in technological progress. Soon, our armies will no longer be reliant on outdated weaponry—they will be equipped to match any modern force on the battlefield.

August 19, 1937 – The Completion of the Airborne Corps & 85,000 Troops

A great day for Iran—today, the 4th Paratrooper Regiment was officially fielded, completing the formation of our elite airborne forces. With this, our total army strength has now reached 85,000 men, a remarkable milestone in our military expansion efforts.

A Force to Be Reckoned With

• The 20,000 men of the Airborne Corps are now the most elite units in the Iranian military, trained for rapid deployment and specialized operations.

• With four regiments fully established, Iran possesses a strategic asset that no regional power can match—the ability to strike behind enemy lines with precision and speed.

• The sheer size of our armed forces now guarantees internal stability—with this, any remaining opposition to the Shah’s rule will surely fade away.

This is more than just a numerical achievement—it is the final pillar in the Shah’s plan to consolidate power and establish Iran as a dominant force. With a modernizing economy, growing research capacity, and now a fully expanded military, we stand ready for whatever comes next.

August 30, 1937 – SAVAK Expands with an Army Department

The SAVAK has been relentless in their push for greater funding and expansion, arguing that intelligence superiority is just as crucial as military strength. After much deliberation, we have finally given in, granting them permission to establish an Army Department within their organization.

A Necessary but Costly Decision

• This will consume valuable resources for a month, forcing us to delay the construction of the next Civilian Industrial Complex.

• However, once operational, this department will grant us deeper insight into the actual force composition and strength of the Iraqi armed forces.

• More importantly, it will provide us the means to begin infiltrating their military services in the future, a step that could prove invaluable if conflict arises down the line.

While it is frustrating to once again divert industrial priorities, the long-term benefits of intelligence dominance outweigh the short-term costs. The Shah understands that knowing the enemy is just as important as outgunning them, and with this new capability, we take another step toward regional superiority.

22 September 1937 – Army Restructuring Complete, Production Expands

Today, the Imperial Staff reports that the restructuring of the Army has been completed with the addition of one more production line. This line is already producing rifles under license, and within a few weeks, we will have fully equipped the entire army. With this milestone reached, our focus can now shift to raising more capable and well-trained divisions.

The Shah, satisfied with our progress, has ordered the construction of two additional production lines. This expansion will further strengthen our military infrastructure, ensuring a steady supply of arms as we continue to modernize and prepare for future challenges.

Today, we have decided to raise two new paratrooper regiments, bringing the total to six. This expansion marks another step toward strengthening our airborne capabilities, ensuring that we have a flexible and elite force ready for future operations.

As expected, this decision has once again strained our equipment supplies. However, the recent ramp-up of production lines will help mitigate the shortages in the coming weeks. With continued investment and reorganization, we remain confident that our forces will be fully equipped and prepared for any challenge ahead.

23 September 1937 – Two New Paratrooper Regiments Raised

Today, we have decided to raise two new paratrooper regiments, bringing the total to six. As expected, this has once again created a shortage of equipment, but the recent expansion of production lines will help mitigate this issue in the coming weeks. With continued investment in both manpower and industry, we are steadily strengthening our airborne capabilities and ensuring our forces are prepared for future operations.

24 September 1937 – The United States Signals Shift from Isolationism

Today, we hear from the United States that they intend to move away from their isolationist policies and may seek intervention where they see fit. This marks a significant shift in global politics, one that could have far-reaching consequences for nations pursuing their own ambitions—including ours.

For Iran, standing at the threshold of expansionism, this development raises important questions. Will the United States take an interest in our region? Will their newfound interventionism be limited to threats closer to home, or will they seek influence in the Middle East?

At present, their focus remains unclear, but history has shown that once the Americans engage in world affairs, they seldom withdraw easily. If their interventionist stance grows stronger, it may force us to be more cautious in our ambitions—or, perhaps, to act before their reach extends too far.

16 October 1937 – Intelligence Reports Iraqi Aircraft Purchase

SAVAK reports through their intelligence network in Baghdad that the Iraqis are preparing to purchase aircraft from Britain. The exact types of aircraft remain unclear, but this move is certainly noteworthy.

We must ask ourselves: have they caught wind of our own ambitions regarding air power? Are they seeking to establish an effective deterrent before we can assert aerial dominance in the region? If so, this signals that our neighbors are beginning to take our military developments seriously.

For now, we will await further intelligence, but this serves as a reminder that our expansionist policies will not go unnoticed. The question remains—how will we respond?

24 October 1937 – Surplus Artillery to Strengthen Infantry Divisions

We have built up a considerable surplus of artillery pieces—around 400 in total. Rather than letting them sit idle, the time has come to put them to use where they will have the greatest impact.

Effective immediately, we will begin integrating an artillery battalion into each of our regular infantry divisions. This will significantly enhance their firepower and battlefield effectiveness, ensuring that our forces can deliver devastating barrages against any opponent.

With this move, our army takes another step toward modernization. While logistical adjustments will be necessary, this decision will greatly improve our combat capability as we continue to prepare for future conflicts.

30 October 1937 – New Civilian Factory Unveiled in Tehran

Today, another civilian factory complex was unveiled in Tehran, marking another step forward in the strengthening of our industrial base. With each new facility, our capacity to support both civilian and military production grows, ensuring a more self-sufficient and resilient economy.

With this progress, we have decided that our next priority will be improving the infrastructure in Tehran. A stronger logistical network will facilitate future industrial expansion and military mobility. Once this project is underway, we intend to extend similar improvements to our other regions, laying the groundwork for sustained national development.

1 December 1937 – Expansion of Arms Production and Special Operations Command Established

Today, another two production lines came online in military manufacturing. Both have been assigned to produce the much-needed Czech rifles under license, ensuring that our growing forces are properly equipped. Slowly but surely, we are ramping up for the fights to come.

In light of our paratrooper regiments—of which we are superbly proud—we have decided, after careful consultation, to institutionalize our commitment to elite forces. With this, we are formally establishing a Special Operations Command, dedicated to organizing, training, and expanding our most capable and specialized units. This marks a significant step forward in modernizing our military, ensuring that Iran’s most elite soldiers have the structure and support needed to operate at their full potential.

8 December 1937 – Disaster at SAVAK: Key Operative Captured in Iraq

Disaster has struck at SAVAK. The Iraqis have arrested Karim Jahandar, the very man who built our intelligence network in their country. This is a severe blow, not only to our ability to gather information but also to our standing in the shadow war that unfolds behind diplomatic pleasantries.

The implications of this are troubling. If he talks, the Iraqis will unravel our operations, forcing us to rebuild from the ground up. Even if he remains silent, the mere fact that they have identified him means our assets are compromised.

Beyond intelligence matters, this arrest signals something else—Baghdad is watching us more closely than we may have assumed. Do they suspect our expansionist intentions? Have they already begun taking countermeasures?

For now, we must determine our response. Do we attempt to extract him? Or do we cut our losses and ensure that no further intelligence leaks from his capture? Either way, the stakes have risen.

6 December 1937 – Fascism on the Rise in Britain

Interesting news from Britain today—Oswald Mosley and his fascists are gaining ground. A development few would have predicted just years ago, but in these uncertain times, radical ideas find fertile ground.

What does this mean for Britain? If Mosley succeeds in taking power, it could signal a dramatic shift in the balance of European politics. Will Britain abandon its democratic traditions and turn inward, embracing authoritarianism? Or will it seek to expand its influence with renewed aggression?

And then there is Germany. With the socialists in power there, a fascist Britain could see them as an ideological enemy, mirroring the hostility that other fascist regimes have had toward leftist governments. Could this lead to confrontation between the two? If so, Europe may be on the path to another great war, but one of a very different nature than the last.

For us, this could present both risks and opportunities. If Britain and Germany turn against each other, it may weaken both, leaving room for others—perhaps even us—to maneuver. If Britain turns hostile to socialist regimes, will it also look unfavorably upon our own growing ambitions?

For now, we watch and wait. The winds of change are blowing through Europe, and they may soon reach our doorstep.

15 January 1938 – Stalin Assassinated! Beria Seizes Power

My God! What is happening in the world? Stalin has been assassinated. In his place, Lavrentiy Beria, the megalomaniacal psychopath, has seized control of the Soviet Union. This is an event of unfathomable consequences.

The official word is that the NKVD is investigating—but can they truly be trusted? Were they not the very architects of Stalin’s rule, his enforcers, his executioners? Or perhaps this is their doing? A coup from within, eliminating the tyrant only to replace him with another, even more unhinged master?

And what of the Soviet Union itself? Stalin’s grip was ironclad, but his rule was built on terror, purges, and paranoia. If his inner circle has turned on him, will they turn on each other next? Or will Beria tighten the noose even further, dragging the Soviet state into an era even darker than before?

For us, this could change everything. A Soviet Union in chaos could mean an opportunity—an opening in Central Asia, a chance to maneuver while they are distracted. Or it could mean a far more dangerous adversary, one ruled by a man whose cruelty and ambition know no bounds.

The world is shifting under our feet, and we must be ready to act.